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A U.S. map showing red and blue color-coded areas representing votes in the 2016 Presidential Election, with a legend indicating vote margins.

Map of the United States highlighting in red the 206 counties that voted for Obama in 2008 and 2012 and flipped to Trump in 2016.

Map showing 2016 U.S. presidential election results highlighting "Blue Wall" states—Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin. It notes Trump’s narrow victory margin of 77,744 votes and shows flipped counties: 23 in WI,

Presentation slide titled "Explaining Trump''s 2016 Victory," discussing economic and sociocultural factors influencing the election outcome, emphasizing a combination of these elements and messaging strategies.

The image contains the text "Economic Factors" on a plain background.

A map of the United States shaded in varying shades of green, indicating higher foreclosure rates as a significant predictor for voting preference flipping to Trump.

The text "Sociocultural Factors" is written on a plain white background.

A map of the United States highlighting counties in varying shades of green, indicating areas where fair or poor health is a significant predictor for voting for Trump.

A map of the United States highlighting counties with varying shades of green. The map shows a correlation between higher Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) rates and support for Trump, labeled as a significant predictor for flipping.

A map of the United States highlighting counties where higher immigration is a significant predictor for flipping votes towards Trump.

Slide discussing communication effects in politics, highlighting how advertising and rallies benefited Trump in terms of activation, amplification, and mobilization.

A map of the United States showing varying shades of red to indicate regions with closer proximity to Trump rallies correlated with Trump votes.

Map images of Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, and Michigan are shown, highlighting county-level election results. Text discusses vote differences and mentions outcomes if the "Blue Wall" counties had been held.

Text slide titled "Looking ahead to 2020" with bullet points on analytical methods using structural variables and a comprehensive study involving multiple methods.

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